Analysis | Comparisons | Reviews

Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

In May 2023 over 90,000 developers responded to our annual survey about how they learn and level up, which tools they're using, and which ones they want.

Online course platform

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Online course platform

  1. Udemy
  2. Coursera
  3. Codecademy
  4. Pluralsight
  5. edX
  6. Skillsoft

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Programming, scripting, and markup languages

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Programming languages

  1. JavaScript
  2. HTML/CSS
  3. Python
  4. SQL
  5. TypeScript
  6. Bash/Shell (all shells)
  7. Java
  8. C#
  9. C++
  10. C
  11. PHP
  12. PowerShell
  13. Go
  14. Rust
  15. Kotlin
  16. Ruby
  17. Lua
  18. Dart
  19. Assembly
  20. Swift
  21. R
  22. Visual Basic (.Net)
  23. MATLAB
  24. VBA
  25. Groovy
  26. Delphi
  27. Scala
  28. Perl
  29. Elixir
  30. Objective-C
  31. Haskell
  32. GDScript
  33. Lisp
  34. Solidity
  35. Clojure
  36. Julia
  37. Erlang
  38. F#
  39. Fortran
  40. Prolog
  41. Zig
  42. Ada
  43. OCaml
  44. Apex
  45. Cobol
  46. SAS
  47. Crystal
  48. Nim
  49. APL
  50. Flow
  51. Raku

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Databases

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Databases

  1. PostgreSQL
  2. MySQL
  3. SQLite
  4. MongoDB
  5. Microsoft SQL Server
  6. Redis
  7. MariaDB
  8. Elasticsearch
  9. Oracle
  10. Dynamodb
  11. Firebase Realtime Database
  12. Cloud Firestore
  13. BigQuery
  14. Microsoft Access
  15. H2
  16. Cosmos DB
  17. Supabase
  18. InfluxDB
  19. Cassandra
  20. Snowflake
  21. Neo4J
  22. IBM DB2
  23. Solr
  24. Firebird
  25. Couch DB
  26. Clickhouse
  27. Cockroachdb
  28. Couchbase
  29. DuckDB
  30. Datomic
  31. RavenDB
  32. TiDB

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Cloud platforms

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Cloud platforms

  1. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
  2. Microsoft Azure
  3. Google Cloud
  4. Firebase
  5. Cloudflare
  6. Digital Ocean
  7. Heroku
  8. Vercel
  9. Netlify
  10. VMware
  11. Hetzner
  12. Linode, now Akamai
  13. Managed Hosting
  14. OVH
  15. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
  16. OpenShift
  17. Fly.io
  18. Vultr
  19. Render
  20. OpenStack
  21. IBM Cloud Or Watson
  22. Scaleway
  23. Colocation

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Web frameworks and technologies

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Web frameworks

  1. Node.js
  2. React
  3. jQuery
  4. Express
  5. Angular
  6. Next.js
  7. ASP.NET CORE
  8. Vue.js
  9. WordPress
  10. ASP.NET
  11. Flask
  12. Spring Boot
  13. Django
  14. Laravel
  15. FastAPI
  16. AngularJS
  17. Svelte
  18. Ruby on Rails
  19. NestJS
  20. Blazor
  21. Nuxt.js
  22. Symfony
  23. Deno
  24. Gatsby
  25. Fastify
  26. Phoenix
  27. Drupal
  28. CodeIgniter
  29. Solid.js
  30. Remix
  31. Elm
  32. Play Framework
  33. Lit
  34. Qwik

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Other frameworks and libraries

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Frameworks

  1. .NET (5+)
  2. NumPy
  3. Pandas
  4. .NET Framework (1.0 - 4.8)
  5. Spring Framework
  6. RabbitMQ
  7. TensorFlow
  8. Scikit-Learn
  9. Flutter
  10. Apache Kafka
  11. Torch/PyTorch
  12. React Native
  13. Opencv
  14. Electron
  15. OpenGL
  16. Qt
  17. CUDA
  18. Keras
  19. Apache Spark
  20. SwiftUI
  21. Xamarin
  22. Ionic
  23. Hugging Face Transformers
  24. GTK
  25. Cordova
  26. .NET MAUI
  27. Hadoop
  28. Tauri
  29. Capacitor
  30. Tidyverse
  31. Quarkus
  32. Ktor
  33. MFC
  34. JAX
  35. Micronaut
  36. Uno Platform

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Other tools

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Tools

  1. Docker
  2. npm
  3. Pip
  4. Homebrew
  5. Yarn
  6. Webpack
  7. Make
  8. Kubernetes
  9. NuGet
  10. Maven (build tool)
  11. Gradle
  12. Vite
  13. Visual Studio Solution
  14. CMake
  15. Cargo
  16. GNU GCC
  17. Terraform
  18. MSBuild
  19. Ansible
  20. Chocolatey
  21. Composer
  22. LLVM's Clang
  23. APT
  24. Unity 3D
  25. Pacman
  26. pnpm
  27. MSVC
  28. Podman
  29. Ninja
  30. Unreal Engine
  31. Godot
  32. Ant
  33. Google Test
  34. Nix
  35. Meson
  36. QMake
  37. Puppet
  38. Dagger
  39. Chef
  40. Catch2
  41. Pulumi
  42. Bun
  43. Wasmer
  44. doctest
  45. SCons
  46. bandit
  47. cppunit
  48. Boost.Test
  49. build2
  50. tunit
  51. lest
  52. snitch
  53. CUTE
  54. ELFspy
  55. liblittletest

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Integrated development environment

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - IDEs

  1. Visual Studio Code
  2. Visual Studio
  3. IntelliJ IDEA
  4. Notepad++
  5. Vim
  6. Android Studio
  7. PyCharm
  8. Jupyter Notebook/JupyterLab
  9. Sublime Text
  10. Neovim
  11. Eclipse
  12. Xcode
  13. Nano
  14. WebStorm
  15. PhpStorm
  16. Atom
  17. Rider
  18. DataGrip
  19. CLion
  20. IPython
  21. Emacs
  22. VSCodium
  23. Goland
  24. Netbeans
  25. RStudio
  26. Code::Blocks
  27. Qt Creator
  28. Rad Studio (Delphi, C++ Builder)
  29. Fleet
  30. Helix
  31. Kate
  32. Spyder
  33. RubyMine
  34. Geany
  35. BBEdit
  36. TextMate
  37. Micro
  38. Nova
  39. condo

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Asynchronous tools

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Asynchronous tools

  1. Jira
  2. Confluence
  3. Markdown File
  4. Trello
  5. Notion
  6. GitHub Discussions
  7. Azure Devops
  8. Miro
  9. Wikis
  10. Asana
  11. Clickup
  12. Doxygen
  13. Redmine
  14. Monday.com
  15. Stack Overflow for Teams
  16. YouTrack
  17. Microsoft Planner
  18. Airtable
  19. Linear
  20. Basecamp
  21. Microsoft Lists
  22. Smartsheet
  23. Shortcut
  24. Wrike
  25. Adobe Workfront
  26. Redocly
  27. Document360
  28. Nuclino
  29. Swit
  30. Dingtalk (Teambition)
  31. Tettra
  32. Workzone
  33. Planview Projectplace Or Clarizen
  34. Wimi
  35. Cerri
  36. Leankor

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Synchronous tools

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Synchronous tools

  1. Microsoft Teams
  2. Slack
  3. Zoom
  4. Discord
  5. Google Meet
  6. Whatsapp
  7. Telegram
  8. Skype
  9. Signal
  10. Google Chat
  11. Cisco Webex Teams
  12. Mattermost
  13. Jitsi
  14. Matrix
  15. IRC
  16. Rocketchat
  17. Zulip
  18. Ringcentral
  19. Symphony
  20. Wire
  21. Wickr
  22. Unify Circuit
  23. Coolfire Core

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

Operating system

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - Operating systems

  1. Windows
  2. MacOS
  3. Ubuntu
  4. Android
  5. Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
  6. iOS
  7. Debian
  8. Other Linux-based
  9. Arch
  10. iPadOS
  11. Red Hat
  12. Fedora
  13. ChromeOS
  14. Cygwin
  15. BSD
  16. AIX
  17. Solaris
  18. Haiku

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

AI Search Tools

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - AI Search Tools

  1. ChatGPT
  2. Bing AI
  3. WolframAlpha
  4. Google Bard AI
  5. Phind
  6. You.com
  7. Perplexity AI
  8. Quora Poe
  9. Neeva AI
  10. Andi
  11. Metaphor

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023

AI Developer Tools

Stack Overflow Developer Survey - AI Developer Tools

  1. GitHub Copilot
  2. Tabnine
  3. AWS CodeWhisperer
  4. Synk Code
  5. Codeium
  6. Whispr AI
  7. Replit Ghostwriter
  8. Mintlify
  9. Adrenaline
  10. Rubber Duck.AI

Source: Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2023